{"id":2265,"date":"2019-07-12T17:32:08","date_gmt":"2019-07-12T09:32:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.agrinoon.com\/agriculture\/?p=2265"},"modified":"2019-07-12T17:32:08","modified_gmt":"2019-07-12T09:32:08","slug":"gene-identified-will-help-develop-plants-fight-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.agrinoon.com\/agriculture\/2019\/07\/12\/gene-identified-will-help-develop-plants-fight-climate-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Gene identified that will help develop plants to fight climate change"},"content":{"rendered":"
Hidden underground networks of plant roots snake through the earth foraging for nutrients and water, similar to a worm searching for food. Yet, the genetic and molecular mechanisms that govern which parts of the soil roots explore remain largely unknown. Now, Salk Institute researchers have discovered a gene that determines whether roots grow deep or shallow in the soil.<\/div>\n
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In addition, the findings, published in\u00a0Cell<\/a><\/em>\u00a0on July 11, 2019, will also allow researchers to develop plants that can help combat climate change as part of Salk\u2019s Harnessing Plants Initiative. The initiative aims to grow plants with more robust and deeper roots that can store increased amounts of carbon underground for longer to reduce CO2 in the atmosphere. The Salk initiative will receive more than $35 million from over 10 individuals and organizations through The Audacious Project to further this effort.<\/span><\/div>\n
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\u201cWe are incredibly excited about this first discovery on the road to realizing the goals of the Harnessing Plants Initiative,\u201d says Associate Professor Wolfgang Busch, senior author on the paper and a member of Salk\u2019s Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory as well as its Integrative Biology Laboratory. \u201cReducing atmospheric CO2 levels is one of the great challenges of our time, and it is personally very meaningful to me to be working toward a solution.\u201d\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Normal Arabidopsis thaliana plant with shallow root system architecture. Right: Arabidopsis thaliana mutant showing deeper root system architecture. (Roots are colored yellow in the image for better visibility.) – Credit: Salk Institute<\/em><\/div>\n
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In the new work, the researchers used the model plant thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana) to identify genes and their variants that regulate the way auxin, a hormone that is a key factor in controlling the root system architecture, works. Though auxin was known to influence almost all aspects of plant growth, it was not known which factors determined how it specifically affects root system architecture.<\/div>\n
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\u201cIn order to better view the root growth, I developed and optimized a novel method for studying plant root systems in soil,\u201d says first author Takehiko Ogura, a postdoctoral fellow in the Busch lab. \u201cThe roots of A. thaliana are incredibly small so they are not easily visible, but by slicing the plant in half we could better observe and measure the root distributions in the soil.\u201d<\/div>\n
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The team found that one gene, called EXOCYST70A3, directly regulates root system architecture by controlling the auxin pathway without disrupting other pathways. EXOCYST70A3 does this by affecting the distribution of PIN4, a protein known to influence auxin transport. When the researchers altered the EXOCYST70A3 gene, they found that the orientation of the root system shifted and more roots grew deeper into the soil.<\/div>\n
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From left: Takehiko Ogura and Wolfgang Busch.From left: Takehiko Ogura and Wolfgang Busch. – Credit: Salk Institute<\/em><\/div>\n
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\u201cBiological systems are incredibly complex, so it can be difficult to connect plants\u2019 molecular mechanisms to an environmental response,\u201d says Ogura. \u201cBy linking how this gene influences root behavior, we have revealed an important step in how plants adapt to changing environments through the auxin pathway.\u201d<\/div>\n
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In addition to enabling the team to develop plants that can grow deeper root systems to ultimately store more carbon, this discovery could help scientists understand how plants address seasonal variance in rainfall and how to help plants adapt to changing climates.<\/div>\n
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\u201cWe hope to use this knowledge of the auxin pathway as a way to uncover more components that are related to these genes and their effect on root system architecture,\u201d adds Busch. \u201cThis will help us create better, more adaptable crop plants, such as soybean and corn, that farmers can grow to produce more food for a growing world population.\u201d<\/div>\n
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Other authors included Santosh B. Satbhai of Salk along with Christian Goeschl, Daniele Filiault, Madalina Mirea, Radka Slovak and Bonnie Wolhrab of the Gregor Mendel Institute in Austria.<\/div>\n
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The work was supported by funds from the Austrian Academy of Sciences through the Gregor Mendel Institute along with a grant from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF I2377-B25) and funds from the Salk Institute for Biological Studies.<\/div>\n
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Source:<\/strong>\u00a0Salk Institute for Biological Studies<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hidden underground networks of plant roots snake through the earth foraging for nutrients and water, similar to a worm searching for food. Yet, the genetic and molecular mechanisms that govern which parts of the soil roots explore remain largely unknown. Now, Salk Institute researchers have discovered a gene that determines whether roots grow deep or… Continue reading Gene identified that will help develop plants to fight climate change<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-industry-news","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nGene identified that will help develop plants to fight climate change - agrinoon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.agrinoon.com\/agriculture\/2019\/07\/12\/gene-identified-will-help-develop-plants-fight-climate-change\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gene identified that will help develop plants to fight climate change - agrinoon\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hidden underground networks of plant roots snake through the earth foraging for nutrients and water, similar to a worm searching for food. 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